Terminologies Used in Genetics

How many types of gametes can be formed by the ${\mathrm{F}}_1$progeny, resulting from the following cross?
$\text{AABBCC} \; \times \text{aabbcc}$

A cross was performed between two parent plants of unknown genotypes. The offspring were segregated based on two flower characteristics i.e. flower colour [magenta $\left(\mathrm{M}\right)$ or white] and flower position [axillary $\left(\mathrm{A}\right)$ or terminal] and counted. The two genes responsible for these characters are not linked and segregate independently. Based on the information given in the table, predict the genotypes of the parents.

Suppose the three non-linked autosomal genes $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}$ and $\mathrm{C}$ control coat colour in an animal and the dominants alleles $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}$ and $\mathrm{C}$ are responsible for dark colour and the recessive alleles $\mathrm{a}, \mathrm{b}$ and $\mathrm{c}$ are responsible for light colour. If a cross between a male of $\mathrm{AABBCC}$ genotype and a female of $\mathrm{aabbcc}$ genotype produces $640$ offsprings in the ${\mathrm{F}}_2$-generation, how many of them are likely to be of the parental genotype?

Usually the number of alleles of a gene are-

In a breed of dog, long-haired phenotype is recessive to short-hair. In a litter, one pup is short- haired and its sibling is long-haired. Consider the following possible phenotypes of the parents.

i. Both parents are short-haired.

ii. Both parents are long-haired.

iii. One parent is short-haired, and one is long- haired.

Choose the CORRECT combination of the possible parental phenotypes.

A plant with genotype AABBCC is crossed with another plant with aabbcc genotype. How many different genotypes of pollens is possible in an ${\mathrm{F}}_1$ plant if these three loci follow an independent assortment?

Progeny is heterozygous in case of

Heterosis is

If the gene pool of the locus X in the human genome is 4, then what would be the highest possible number of genotypes in a large population?

The maximum number of different gametes of the pollens produced by a tall pea plant with round, yellow, seeds of the genotype $\mathrm{TtRrYY}$, if the three loci are unlinked, would be

Choose the wrong statement.

A.  A single gene product may produce more than one effect thus it relates to pleiotropy

B. Dominance is an autonomous feature of a gene or the product

C. The frequency of recombination between gene pairs on the same chromosome as a measure of distance between those genes

D. Breeder cannot select the mutations of the desirable types as it has less variability

The correct answer is

In a cross between homozygous recessive and a heterozygous dominant, the phenotypic and genotypic ratios respectively are

In order to know the genotype of a dominant phenotype, it is crossed with a recessive parent. The cross resulted in $50\%$ of recessive phenotypes. The genotype of the dominant phenotype used in the test cross is

Choose the correct statements.
A. A single gene may be related to more than one character is called pleiotropy.
B. A non-functional allele can be considered as dominant allele when an unmodified gene is called recessive trait.
C. Genes which code for a pair of contrasting traits are known as alleles.
D. Sahiwal cows of Punjab are the example for selection.

Who coined the term allele?

Allele is ____________.

How many different types of gametes can be produced by an organism of the genotype $AaBBCc$?

Dysgenics is the study of